The Altered
Properties of Istanbul
Every empire has added something
new to a city and a lot of things have been changed. In Istanbul, which was the
capital of many governments, these changes can be clearly seen. The language,
art, and education of İstanbul have been changed by many governments.
Language is the altered
property of Istanbul. Every empire uses their language because spoken language
shows which empire is dominant. During the Byzantine Empire, Greek was the
official language in Istanbul. After the conquest of Istanbul, the official
language has changed. Ottoman Empire used their language which was Turkish. Within
the borders of the Empire, there were communities belonging to different
language groups. The Ottoman Turkish used in the
palace, although the areas under the domination used other languages. Also, when
the republic of Turkey was established, the government announced the official
language Turkish.
Another altered property of Istanbul is art. Generally, the Byzantine
Empire was built churches. They showed their own art with the
church. One of the most distinctive features
of Byzantine architecture, the structure is in the form of giant domes. On the other hand, murals,
mosaics, miniatures and decorative arts such as labor Byzantine ivory were very
good. Byzantine mosaic art and the most beautiful examples of the wall
ornamentation appear in Hagias Sophia, Kariye Camii, Tekfur Palace and the
Church of San Vitale in Ravenna. After this empire, Ottoman Empire showed their
art through the mosques. Great mosques were built many part of
Istanbul. For example; Selimiye Mosque shows Ottoman Empire’s art.
Another altered property of Istanbul is
education. During the Byzantine Empire, education was given in the monasteries. Mostly
boys were sent to school. Besides the religion courses, ancient
Greek philosophy, language and literature, also mathematics courses were given.
A lot of Byzantine donated big money or property to the monasteries. The
monastery library was limited to mostly ritual books. Nevertheless, there was
some great wide range of books in libraries. In Ottoman
Empire, madrasas
were established in order to educate people who are knowledgeable. The religious
sciences were also offered positive sciences in madrasahs. Such as library
buildings were located near madrasas.
To
sum up, each government adds something to the culture. The altered things
aren’t only language, art and education. These changes can be observed in all
areas of life. Every time, there are not positive effects. There can be
negative effects.
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